A Case of Lingual Thyroid
Thyroid gland develops from Median bud of Pharynx located at the Foramen Caecum at the base of Tongue.
It is attached to a hollow tube called Thyroglossal duct, which extends from the Foramen cecum to the Pyramidal lobe of Thyroid gland.
Then the thyroid gland descends to reach its final position in front of the trachea.
Failure of thyroid descent results in Lingual Thyroid. That is, the entire thyroid is located at the Foramen cecum, covered by oral mucosa.
Clinical Features
Fullness in the Throat
Dysphagia
Dyspnoea
Sleep Apnoea
Hemorrhage
Palpation of neck to look for normal thyroid gland in its expected position.
Investigations
FNAC
TFT
CT Scan
Technetium Scan
Treatment
TSH Suppression with L-Thyroxine
Surgical Excision- Through a per oral midline tongue splitting incision or through a cervical approach.
A lingual thyroid is a specific type of ectopic thyroid, and results from lack of normal caudal migration of the thyroid gland.
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